Frontend Frameworks Comparison 2025

⚛️ React: The Industry Standard

React remains the most popular frontend framework in 2025, known for its:

• Virtual DOM for efficient updates
• Rich ecosystem and community
• Component-based architecture
• Strong TypeScript support
• Server Components for improved performance
• Extensive third-party library support
• Strong enterprise adoption

Key Features:

• Hooks: Functional components with state and lifecycle
• Context API: Global state management without external libraries
• Suspense: Better handling of async operations
• Concurrent Mode: Improved rendering performance
• Server Components: Reduced client-side JavaScript

Example: React Component

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';

function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

  useEffect(() => {
    document.title = `Count: ${count}`;
  }, [count]);

  return (
    <div className="counter">
      <p>Count: {count}</p>
      <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>
        Increment
      </button>
    </div>
  );
}

When to Choose React:

• Large-scale applications
• Teams with React experience
• Need for extensive third-party libraries
• Enterprise applications

🖖 Vue: The Progressive Framework

Vue's gentle learning curve and flexibility make it a favorite for many developers:

• Progressive framework
• Single File Components
• Reactive data system
• Detailed documentation
• Built-in state management
• Excellent TypeScript support
• Strong community in Asia

Key Features:

• Composition API: Better code organization and reuse
• Reactivity System: Automatic dependency tracking
• SFCs: HTML, CSS, and JS in one file
• Directives: Special HTML attributes for DOM manipulation
• Pinia: Modern state management solution

Example: Vue Component

<template>
  <div class="counter">
    <p>Count: {{ count }}</p>
    <button @click="increment">Increment</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref, watch } from 'vue';

const count = ref(0);

watch(count, (newValue) => {
  document.title = `Count: ${newValue}`;
});

function increment() {
  count.value++;
}
</script>

When to Choose Vue:

• Small to medium-sized projects
• Teams new to frontend frameworks
• Need for quick prototyping
• Progressive enhancement

⚡ Svelte: The Disappearing Framework

Svelte's unique approach compiles components to vanilla JavaScript:

• No virtual DOM
• Smaller bundle sizes
• Less boilerplate code
• Built-in animations
• Reactive assignments
• Scoped CSS by default
• Excellent performance

Key Features:

• Reactive Statements: Automatic updates with $: syntax
• Stores: Simple state management
• Actions: Reusable DOM event handlers
• Transitions: Built-in animation system
• SvelteKit: Full-stack framework

Example: Svelte Component

<script>
  let count = 0;
  
  $: document.title = `Count: ${count}`;
  
  function increment() {
    count += 1;
  }
</script>

<div class="counter">
  <p>Count: {count}</p>
  <button on:click={increment}>
    Increment
  </button>
</div>

When to Choose Svelte:

• Performance-critical applications
• Small to medium projects
• Need for minimal bundle size
• Interactive animations

💎 Solid: The Reactive Framework

Solid combines the best of React and Svelte:

• Fine-grained reactivity
• JSX syntax
• No virtual DOM
• Small bundle size
• Predictable updates
• Strong TypeScript support
• Growing ecosystem

Key Features:

• Signals: Reactive primitives
• Effects: Side effect management
• Memos: Computed values
• Context: Dependency injection
• SolidStart: Full-stack framework

Example: Solid Component

import { createSignal, createEffect } from 'solid-js';

function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);

  createEffect(() => {
    document.title = `Count: ${count()}`;
  });

  return (
    <div class="counter">
      <p>Count: {count()}</p>
      <button onClick={() => setCount(count() + 1)}>
        Increment
      </button>
    </div>
  );
}

When to Choose Solid:

• High-performance applications
• React-like syntax preference
• Need for fine-grained reactivity
• Small to medium projects

🚀 AMP: Google's Mobile-First Framework

AMP (Accelerated Mobile Pages) is Google's framework for creating fast-loading mobile web pages:

• Lightning-fast page loads
• Mobile-first approach
• Built-in performance optimizations
• SEO benefits
• Strict HTML requirements
• Limited JavaScript
• Google Search integration

Key Features:

• AMP HTML: Custom HTML elements for common patterns
• AMP Cache: Google's CDN for instant loading
• AMP Components: Pre-built UI elements
• AMP Validator: Ensures compliance
• AMP Stories: Visual storytelling format

Example: AMP Page

<!doctype html>
<html amp>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script async src="https://cdn.ampproject.org/v0.js"></script>
    <title>Hello AMP World</title>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://example.com/">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1">
    <style amp-boilerplate>body{-webkit-animation:-amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-moz-animation:-amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-ms-animation:-amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;animation:-amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both}@-webkit-keyframes -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-moz-keyframes -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-ms-keyframes -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-o-keyframes -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@keyframes -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}</style>
    <noscript><style amp-boilerplate>body{-webkit-animation:none;-moz-animation:none;-ms-animation:none;animation:none}</style></noscript>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello AMP World</h1>
    <amp-img src="https://example.com/image.jpg" width="600" height="400" layout="responsive"></amp-img>
  </body>
</html>

When to Choose AMP:

• Content-heavy websites
• News and media sites
• E-commerce product pages
• SEO-focused projects
• Mobile-first experiences

⚡ Preact: The Lightweight React Alternative

Preact is a fast 3kB alternative to React with the same modern API:

• React-compatible API
• Tiny bundle size
• Excellent performance
• Easy migration from React
• Strong TypeScript support
• Active community
• Browser extension support

Key Features:

• Hooks: Same API as React
• Preact Signals: Fast state management
• Preact CLI: Zero-config tooling
• Preact Router: Lightweight routing
• Preact X: Modern features

Example: Preact Component

import { h, render } from 'preact';
import { useState } from 'preact/hooks';

function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

  return (
    <div>
      <p>Count: {count}</p>
      <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>
        Increment
      </button>
    </div>
  );
}

render(<Counter />, document.body);

When to Choose Preact:

• Performance-critical applications
• Browser extensions
• Progressive web apps
• Projects with size constraints
• React migration projects

🎯 Framework Selection Guide

🔮 Future Trends

The frontend landscape continues to evolve in 2025:

• Server Components becoming mainstream
• AI-powered development tools
• WebAssembly integration
• Improved build tools and bundlers
• Better TypeScript support across frameworks

🎓 Learning Resources

💡 Final Thoughts

Choosing a frontend framework in 2025 depends on your specific needs:

• For large teams and enterprise: React
• For progressive enhancement: Vue
• For performance and simplicity: Svelte
• For fine-grained reactivity: Solid
• For mobile-first content: AMP
• For lightweight React alternative: Preact

Remember, the best framework is the one that helps you and your team build great products efficiently. Don't be afraid to experiment and find what works best for your specific use case!

📊 Performance Comparison

* AMP uses Google's CDN, so the framework size is not included in your bundle